LTE TDD Frame Configuration Planner
The LTE TDD uplink downlink and special subframe configurations of 3GPP TS 36.211, and the cell radius each guard period allows.
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Worked example: special subframe 6, normal cyclic prefix
Timing limit on the cell radius: 29.04 km
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How it works
LTE TDD guard period to cell radius
An LTE TDD frame is ten 1 ms subframes, and the uplink downlink configuration, 0 to 6 in TS 36.211 Table 4.2-2, sets which carry the downlink, which carry the uplink and which are special subframes. Configuration 0 has six uplink subframes and configuration 5 has one. Configurations 0, 1, 2 and 6 switch every 5 ms, and 3, 4 and 5 every 10 ms.
A special subframe, configurations 0 to 10 in Table 4.2-1, is a downlink part (DwPTS), a guard period and an uplink part (UpPTS). A terminal starts its uplink ahead of the downlink timing it receives, by the round trip plus a fixed 624 Tₛ in TDD (TS 36.211 clause 8.1), so the guard period has to hold both. That sets the largest cell the frame can serve whatever the link budget says, and the timing advance itself stops at 20512 Tₛ, about 100 km.
Tₛ = 1 / (15000 × 2048) s, and a subframe is 30720 Tₛ
UpPTS = (m + X) × 2192 Tₛ
GP = 30720 − DwPTS − UpPTS
r = c × min(GP − 624, 20512) × Tₛ / 2
- Tₛ
- basic time unit of TS 36.211, about 32.55 ns
- DwPTS, GP, UpPTS
- downlink part, guard period and uplink part of the special subframe, in Tₛ; DwPTS is read from TS 36.211 Table 4.2-1
- m
- UpPTS symbols in Table 4.2-1, 1 or 2 by configuration, each 2192 Tₛ with a normal uplink cyclic prefix; configuration 10 states UpPTS outright, 13152 Tₛ
- X
- additional SRS symbols in UpPTS (srs-UpPtsAdd): 0, 2 or 4 (TS 36.331)
- 624, 20512
- the TDD timing advance offset and the largest timing advance, in Tₛ (TS 36.211 clause 8.1)
- c
- speed of light, 299,792,458 m/s
- r
- timing limit on the cell radius, in metres
Standards
- 3GPP TS 36.211 Table 4.2-2: uplink downlink configurations
- 3GPP TS 36.211 Table 4.2-1: special subframe configurations
- 3GPP TS 36.211 clause 4.2: excluded srs-UpPtsAdd combinations
- 3GPP TS 36.331: srs-UpPtsAdd values
- Radiocommunications Licence Conditions (Fixed Licence) Determination 2025, sections 39 and 40
Worked example
Worked example: special subframe 6, normal cyclic prefix
An LTE TDD cell on uplink downlink configuration 2 with special subframe configuration 6, a normal cyclic prefix and no additional SRS symbols.
| Step | Working | Result |
|---|---|---|
| UpPTS | 2 × 2192 | 4384 Tₛ |
| Guard period | 30720 − 19760 − 4384 | 6576 Tₛ |
| Less the timing advance offset | 6576 − 624 | 5952 Tₛ |
| Round trip | 5952 / (15000 × 2048) | 193.75 µs |
| Timing limit on the cell radius | c × 193.75 µs / 2 | 29.04 km |
Special subframe 7 has a DwPTS 2192 Tₛ longer and reaches 18.35 km. Two additional SRS symbols on special subframe 6 take another 4384 Tₛ from the guard period and leave 7.65 km. The timing limit is not the range: the cell radius is the smaller of this limit and what the link budget gives.
What are the LTE TDD uplink downlink configurations?
TS 36.211 Table 4.2-2 defines seven, numbered 0 to 6, each a fixed pattern of downlink (D), special (S) and uplink (U) subframes across the 10 ms frame. With the downlink and uplink subframe counts they are: 0, DSUUUDSUUU, 2 and 6; 1, DSUUDDSUUD, 4 and 4; 2, DSUDDDSUDD, 6 and 2; 3, DSUUUDDDDD, 6 and 3; 4, DSUUDDDDDD, 7 and 2; 5, DSUDDDDDDD, 8 and 1; 6, DSUUUDSUUD, 3 and 5. Configurations 0, 1, 2 and 6 have two special subframes and switch every 5 ms; 3, 4 and 5 have one and switch every 10 ms.
What are the LTE special subframe configurations?
TS 36.211 Table 4.2-1 defines configurations 0 to 10 for a normal cyclic prefix and 0 to 7 for an extended one. Each splits the 1 ms special subframe into DwPTS, the guard period and UpPTS. With a normal cyclic prefix and no additional SRS symbols, the guard period runs from 2192 Tₛ in configurations 4 and 8, a timing limit of 7.65 km, to 21936 Tₛ in configuration 0, where the timing advance range caps the limit at 100.09 km.
Why does the guard period limit cell size?
A terminal starts its uplink ahead of the downlink timing it receives, by the round trip to the base station plus a fixed 624 Tₛ offset in TDD (TS 36.211 clause 8.1), so that its signal arrives on time. The round trip and the offset both come out of the guard period, so it sets a maximum radius that is independent of signal strength. A cell that is well covered by the link budget can still fail if it is larger than this timing limit.
What is srs-UpPtsAdd and why does it cost radius?
It is the number of additional sounding reference signal symbols in UpPTS, which TS 36.331 allows as 2 or 4, or none. Each symbol is taken from the guard period, so the timing limit drops. Some special subframe configurations cannot take additional symbols at all, and the planner reports those as not configurable.
What can section 39 of the Fixed Licence Determination require?
The Determination defines a "3.4 GHz band uplink-downlink configuration" as one consistent with uplink downlink configuration 2 of TS 36.211 Table 4.2-2 and special subframe configuration 6 of Table 4.2-1. Section 39 can require a point to multipoint licensee in 3950 to 4000 MHz to adopt it where interference arises with another licensee and no agreement can be reached. The planner shows the split and timing limit of that configuration.
Does the planner give the full latency?
No. The wait figures are the part of latency set by the frame structure, which is a lower bound. Scheduling requests, grants, HARQ retransmissions, processing, transport and the core network all add to it, and full HARQ round trip timing is not calculated.
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